Brain disease

(1)Meningitis Disease

Symptoms:

Neck stiffness, headache, fever & confusion

Causes:

1)Meningococcal bacteria

2)Pneumococcal bacterial

3)Haemophilus influenzae typeb (Hib) bacterial

4)Enteroviruses

5)Mumps virus

Treatment:

Antibiotics

Parts of body:

Brain or spinal cord

(2)Encephalitis Disease

Symptoms:

Headache, fever , stiff neck, confusion, fatigue or weakness

Causes:

1)Herpes simplex viruses

2)Varicella zoster virus

3)Measles

4)Mumps and rubella viruses

Treatment:

1)ICU CARE

2)ICP monitoring

3)Fluid restriction

4)Avoid hypotonic fluids

5)Anticonvulsants

6)Prevent apsiration

7)Physiotherapy

8)DVT prophylaxis

Parts of body:

Active tissue of brain

(3)Brain abscess

Symptoms:

Headache, fever, change in behaviour, stiff neck, change in vision

Causes:

1)Staphylococcus aureus

2)Aerobic and anaerobic

3)Streptococci (especially Streptococcus intermedius)

4)Bacteroides,

5)Prevotella

6)Fusobacterium species

7)Enterobacteriacee

8)Pseudomonas species)

Treatment:

1)surgical excision

2)drainage combined with prolonged antibiotics

Parts of body:

frontal-temporal

frontal-parietal

cerebellar lobes

occipital lobes

(4)Epilepsy Disease

Symptoms:

Temporary confusion,A staring spell, Stiff muscles, Uncontrollable jerking,movements of the arms and legs, Loss of consciousness or awareness

Causes:

1)Stroke

2)Brain tumour

3)Severe head injury

4)Drug abuse or alcohol misuse

5)Brain infection

6)Lack of oxygen during birth)

Treatment:Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs)

Parts of body:

Hippocampus

Amygdala

frontal cortex

temporal cortex

olfactory cortex

(5)Concussion Disease

Symptoms:

Headache,Nausea,vomiting,Confusion, Temporary loss of consciousness,Balancep roblems/dizziness/light headedness,Double or blurry vision, Ringing in the ears

Causes:

Bump, blow, or jolt to the head

Treatment:Drinking plenty of water,Getting enough rest,Taking a break from sports, Avoiding alcohol while recovering

Parts of body:

Frontal lobes

temporal lobes

Hippocampus